Eastern Himalayas Region

The Eastern Himalayas Region includes Bhutan, northeastern India, and southern, central, and eastern Nepal.

It is home to 163 globally threatened species, including Asia’s three largest herbivores—the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus), the greater one-horned rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis), and the wild water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)—and its largest carnivore, the tiger (Panthera tigris), as well as several large birds such as vultures, adjutant storks, and hornbills.

Previously classified as a region within the Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot, the Eastern Himalayas Region now stretches across the Indo-Burma Hotspot and Himalaya Hotspot, with the latter being identified as a new hotspot in 2005.

Threats
Chronic collection of no timber forest products; harvest of trees for fuel, fodder, and lumber; and conversion of forests for agriculture contribute to ecosystem degradation and habitat loss throughout the Himalayas. The consequences are especially severe where human population density is high.

Unsustainable and illegal wildlife trade fueled by consistent demand for wildlife products, especially parts of the large species such as tigers, rhinoceros, snow leopards (Uncia uncia), and elephants, has driven these populations to the brink of extinction.

Strategy
Within the Eastern Himalayas Region, the Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund (CEPF) aims to strengthen the role of communities and local groups in biodiversity conservation and restoration in key sites and landscapes.

An important component of this strategy is the building of alliances and coalitions among civil society groups to scale up their clout in addressing landscape conservation issues and influencing national policies in favor of biodiversity.

The strategy is underpinned by conservation outcomes – targets against which the success of investments can be measured. These targets are defined at three levels: species (extinctions avoided), sites (areas protected), and landscapes (corridors created). CEPF investments in this region focus on 76 globally threatened species mostly found in 60 sites within five conservation landscapes.